Gun with cartridge magazine or propellant charge magazine



Aug. 6, 1963 3,099,937

GUN WITH CARTRIDGE MAGAZINE 0R PROPELLANT CHARGE MAGAZINE Filed Sept. 26, 1960 E. BARTELS 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 Jnvenfor: Ef-c cl BzkZ eZs Aug. 6, 1963 E. BARTELS 3,099,937

GUN WITH CARTRIDGE MAGAZINE OR PROPELLANT CHARGE MAGAZINE Filed Sept. 26,fl196(.= 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 Aug. 6, 1963 E. BARTEVILS GUN WITH CARTRIDGE MAGAZINE OR PROPELLANT CHARGE MAGAZINE 6 Sheets-She et 3 Filed Sept.

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Aug. 6, 1963 E. BARTELS 3,099,937

GUN WITH CARTRIDGE MAGAZINE 0R PROPELLANT CHARGE MAGAZINE Filed Sept. 26, 1960 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 v F f i I Aug. 6, 1963 EEEEEEE Ls cu E MAGA INE 0R LANT CHARGE MA ed Sept. 6 Sh Fig. 6 j? 37 fi Aug. 6, 1963 E. BARTELS 3,099,937

GUN WITH CARTRIDGE MAGAZINE OR PROPELLANT CHARGE MAGAZINE I Filed Sept. 26, 1960 s Sheets-Sheet e Jn venfor Ericz, Saki-e26 United States Patent C) GUN WITH CARTRIDGE MAGAZINE R PROPELLANT CHARGE MAGAZINE Erich Bartels, Ratingen, Germany, assignor t'o Firma RheinmetallG-mh-H Dusseldorf, Germany FiledSept. 26, 1960, Ser. No. 58,439 Claims priority, application Germany Sept. 26, 1959 2 Claims. (Cl. 39 -24) The presentinventionrelates to ajfirearm, more particularlyto atgun, incorporating a cartridge magazine or a propellant charge magazine respectively, and differs from known designs mainly. in that the cartridgemagaaine is fitted into the breech block in such a manner as to be capable of'being exchanged, and that the endsblock accommodates a slider and the firing mechanism. As an advantage resulting therefrom it is no longer necessary to insert the cartridge magazine by hand every time before a round is fired.

In a preferred embodiment constructed in accordance withthe invention that the side of the slider which faces the cartridge magazine is provided with: a ridge or like feature which, when the breech is closed, is located in a recess at the front end of the magazine, for. the purpose ofsecum'ng the magazine against rotation and to resist the firing-pressure. In addition, one end of the slider is provided with a loading cavity into which the round is inserted when the breech is open; whilst its other endis provided with another cavity from which spent cartridges are ejected and through whichthe magazine can be exchanged when the breech is open.

Infurtherdevelopment of the invention, the rear of the breech block is provided with a recess for the cartridge ejector. Also provided are a recess for the control leveractuating the magazine, and a cog to move the slider to the closed position. The periphery of the magazine is provided with recesses like atoothed wheel into which the said control lever can engage. In, addition, the side ofthe slider which faces the breech block is provided with-two grooves. with faces against which the ejector comesto a stop.

The invention relates also to a packing ring for tirearms, more particularly for gun breeches, which differ fnom known designs mainly in that the packing ring consists of a hollow ring comprising two individual rings with their longitudinal edges in contact with one another and located. in the breech block or in the end block of the gun barrel or in the head of the closing bolt of the end block of the gun, and that at its periphery the said packing ring is provided with apertures for the propellant gases which provide the sealing force.

In apreferred embodiment constructed in accordance with the invention the cross section of both the individual rings is of angular or nearly angular shape; one of these rings supports the other one-the sealing ring, so-called, which provides the seal-and secures itin position. The supporting ring is provided with apertures giving access to the propellant gases.

Since thelife of a packing ring depends on the most highly stressed ring of angular section, the two longiT tudinal edges of the sealing ring which are in contact with the. supportingjring are, in further development of the invention, increased in thickness so as to form a head 3,099,937 Patented Aug. 6,, 1963,.

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nextto the supporting ring, particularly where thepacking ring is usedas a packing ring for breech blocks. This prevents: the formation of small cracksin, andofdi'stortion of the said edges after high loads are imposed on them due tothe firing of the gun..

If, in accordance with the;invention,the hollow packing ring is located in the end of the gun barrel /the, breech block is with advantage provided, with a projection at the loading cavity which, when thebreech isopen, protects the hollow packing ring. This prevents: damage to the packing ring during the loadingoperation.

If the packing ring is provided in the closingbolt of the endblock, it is with advantage locatedin a depression at the end face of thehead of. the closing bolt. In a preferred embodiment the. end face of the head; of the closing bolt is provided with aprojecting annular collar to which the supporting ring of the hollow packing, ring is attached in such a manner as to be capable of removal.

Further, in accordance with the inventioman adjusting disc can always be provided between the rear face of the supporting ring and the, depressionor recess accommodating the hollow packing ring, for the purposev of taking up any play between the packingsurface. of the sealing ring and the end; face of the gun barrel.

Further details of the invention, willnow be explained by reference to the embodiments illustrated onjthe drawing in which FIG. 1 is a section through a. closed, gun breech constructed in accordance with the; invention,

FIG. 2 is. a section through the open gun breech, of FIG. 1,

FIG. 3 is an end view along the direction of arrow A of the gun breech of. FIG. 1, and.

FIG. 4 is a view along the direction of arrow B of: the magazine and control lever,

FIG. 5 is a section through a gun breechtwith a, packing ring fittedto thebreech block,

FIG. 6 is a section through a gun breech with a packing ring fitted to the gun barrel,

FIG. 6a is an-end view of the breechblock, and

FIG. 7 is a sect-ionthrough a gun breech incorporating a packing ring fitted to the head of the closing bolt of the end block;

On the drawing, the same components are labelled by the same reference symbols.

The main components of the new breech according to FIGS. 1 to 4-are the breech block 1 with themagazine 2 for the cartridges, the ejector 3" which ejects the spent cartridge cases, the control lever 4 which indexesthe magazine 2, the slider 5 which moves within the end block '6 and which accommodates the variousparts of the firing mechanism (not shown on the drawing), and which is maintained in position by a retaining pin 5'; the cog 2 fitted to the breech block, which moves the slider 5 to the firing position, and two stops 8 and 9, mounted on the end block, which limit the travel of the slider when the breech is open and closed respectively;

The breech block 1 has the normal shape of a breech block and is provided with suitable recesses toraccommodate a normal opening mechanism. The front end is provided with a recess 10 for a packing ring: 1b; the rear face of the block isprovided' with a recess 12: into which fits the cartridge magazine 2. Also in thezrear face are a recess for the ejector 3 and another recess for the magazine actuating lever 4. In addition, the cog 7 is mounted on the rear face which moves the slider into the closed position.

The magazine 2 takes the form of a flat cylinder furnished at its periphery with holes 13 which provide support for the cartridges. In addition, its periphery is provided with recesses like the gaps between the teeth of a gearwheel at the front, labelled 14, into which registers the control lever 4 which indexes the magazine. Furthermore, the rear face is provided with an annular recess 15 forming a boss 16. The front carries a central shaft 17 with an annular groove 18 into which enters a spring-loaded check pin 19 which secures the magazine in its axial position'when the latter has been inserted.

The slider 5 accommodates the firing mechanism. On its left-hand side there is the loading cavity 20 through which the projectile is passed when the breech is open. On its righthand side there is another cavity 21 through which the spent cartridges are ejected and through which the magazine can be exchanged when the breech is open. In addition, that side of the slider which faces the breech block 1 is furnished with a ridge 22 which secures the magazine against rotary movement and which takes the forces arising due to tiring pressure on the cartridges. Finally, this side of the slider 5 is also provided with grooves 23 having surfaces 24 which serve as a stop for the ejector 3. The slider is also furnished with an an resting pin 25 having a spring 26 whose conical end engages with the breech block 1. When the breech is opened, the breech block 1 and the slider 5 move as far as the stop 8. During this motion the relative position of these two components remains unchanged since they are secured by the arresting pin 25. After reaching the stop '8, the breech block 1 continues to move, the an resting pin 25 disengaging since the slider 5 is being stopped by the stop 8. Due to the continued travel of the breech block 1, the ridge 22 clears the groove in the magazine 2. Thus the magazine 2 is released enabling it to execute .a rotary movement about its axis. The control lever 4, which is guided in a groove 27 in the end block 6, is actuated by the continued movement of the breech block 1. Towards the end of the opening movement of the breech block 1 the ejector 3- is rotated so that it ejects the spent cartridge cases from the magazine. The arresting pin 25 engages again. Before the breech is closed, the loading operation is completed.

During the closing operation, the cog 7 of the breech block 1 takes the slider 5 along until it strikes the stop 9. During this movement, the control lever 4 indexes the magazine 2 through one division. As the breech block 1 continues to move, the arresting pin 25 is disengaged since the stop 9 prevents further travel of the slider 5. Now the ridge 22 enters the corresponding recess in the end face of the magazine facing it and pushes the cartridge into the firing position. Now the slider and the firing mechanism are positioned behind the cartridge. The cog 7 locks or blocks respectively the slider, which is thus being held between the stops 7 and 9. The breech is now in the firing position, so that the round can be fired by pulling the trigger 27' of the firing mechanism.

If the magazine 2 is to be exchanged, the breech is opened and the magazine is gripped by the handle 16 and withdrawn from the breech block. During this process the retaining pin 19 disengages from the groove 18 in the shaft 17.

In the embodiment represented by 'FIG. 5, which relates to a packing ring for a breech block, the front face of the breech block 1, which faces the gun barrel 28 and the outer barrel 29, accommodates a seating 10 for the packing ring 11 which is made in the form of a hollow ring consisitng of two rings 30, 31 having an angular cross section which touch one another at their longitudinal edges which face one another. In this arrangement the ring of angular section provides a support for the ring 31 of angular section, the latter being a sealing ring. It will be seen from the drawing that at the edges which face the supporting ring 30, the thickness of the sealing ring 31 is increased so as to form a head .32, 33 at either edge which extends over the whole periphery. In addition, the periphery of the supporting ring 30 is provided with apertures 34 admitting the propellant gases which can enter through the seating 10 or through the recess 35, which is in communication with the latter, respectively. Finally, an adjusting disc 36 is provided in order to take up any play which may exist between the front face of the sealing ring 31 and the end face of the gun barrel.

The propellant gases developed when a shot is fired pas-s through the recess 35 and the apertures 34 into the hollow ring 11 and cause the sealing ring 31, to be forced against the end face of the gun barrel 28 and the periphery of the seating 10 which is located in the breech block 1.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 6, the seating 10 is locatedin contrast to the arrangement shown in FIG. 5in the gun barrel 28. The construction of the hollow ring 11, which constitutes a packing ring, is the same as that shown in FIG. 5.

In order to protect the packing ring during the opera tion of loading the gun against damage, a projection 37 is provided at that face of the breech block 1 which faces the loading cavity; this projection provides protection for the packing ring when the breech is open. This position of the projection is indicated in FIG. 6 by chaindotted lines.

The advantage of the arrangement shown in FIG. 6, in which the packing ring is located in the gun barrel 28, is that the height of the breech block 1, measured normal to the centre line of the barrel, is considerably less than in the arrangement according to FIG. 5, i.e. in the case of the arrangement of the packing ring in the breech block. The breech block may have the usual normal dimensions except for the protective projection 37. Also, the end block 6 may have the normal dimensions.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 7 the packing ring 11 is located in the head 38 of the closing bolt 39. It will be seen from the drawing that the head is provided with an annular collar 40 projecting in the direction of the gun barrel 28, and carrying the ring 30 supporting the packing ring 11 by means of cylindrical pins 41. The comparatively large space available for the packing ring is of a particularly favourable elfect for the design of the sealing ring 31.

It is an advantage of this embodiment that the head 38 of the closing bolt is low, so that the loading chamber is correspondingly short. The plane of separation between the closing bolt and the rotating head 38 is no longer located in the neighbourhood of the packing, as happens in the case of the known plastic packing in which the closing bolt rotates with respect to the stationary packing surface. In addition, it is not necessary that the head is supported by a flexible base for it rests firmly upon the rotating surface of the closing bolt 39. The arrangement is simpler to manufacture and the spring required for other designs in this arrangement is no longer required.

The invention is not restricted to the embodiments herein illustrated and described by way of example. Thus, the packing ring consisting of the parts 30', 31 may have cross sections of a shape different from that shown on the drawings. Also, further modifications of the positioning of the packing ring 11 are possible.

What I claim is:

1. A gun with a cartridge magazine comprising a breech block having a recess therein into which the cartridge magazine may be inserted, an end block for the breech block and in which the latter slides, and a slider with a firing mechanism therein and slidably provided in the end block to secure the magazine in place and to resist firing pressure, one end of the slider being provided with a loading cavity into which a projectile is manually inserted when the breech is open and the slider having another cavity *at the other end from which spent cartridges are ejected and through which the magazine can 5 be exchanged when the breech is open.

2. A gun according to claim 1, in which a control lever is provided mounted in the breech block and the periphery of the magazine being provided with recesses in the form of a toothed wheel into which the control 10 lever actuating the magazine can engage.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 

1. A GUN WITH A CARTRIDGE MAGAZINE COMPRISING A BREECH BLOCK HAVING A RECESS THEREIN INTO WHICH THE CARTRIDGE MAGAZINE MAY BE INSERTED, AN END BLOCK FOR THE BREECH BLOCK AND IN WHICH THE LATTER SLIDES, AND A SLIDER WITH A FIRING MECHANISM THEREIN AND SLIDABLY PROVIDED IN THE END BLOCK TO SECURE THE MAGAZINE IN PLACE AND TO RESIST FIRING PRESSURE, ONE END OF THE SLIDER BEING PROVIDED WITH A LOADING CAVITY INTO WHICH A PROJECTILE IS MANUALLY INSERTED WHEN THE BREECH IS OPEN AND THE SLIDER HAVING ANOTHER CAVITY AT THE OTHER END FROM WHICH SPENT CAR- 